Bauhaus History of Design Essay Example for Free

Bauhaus History of Design EssayThe Bauhaus was the first bewilder of the modern art rail. The Bauhaus curriculum combined theoretic education and practical training in the educational gainshops. It drew inspiration from the ideals of the revolutionary art movements and design experiments of the early 20th century. A wood turf out (shown right) depicted the idealized vision of Walter Gropius, a cathedral of design. Bauhaus 1919-33 The Bauhaus began with an utopian definition The building of the future was to combine every(prenominal) the arts in ideal unity. In order to reach this name and address, the founder, Walter Gropius, saw the necessity to develop vernal teaching methods and was convinced that the base for any art was to be found in handcraft the school will gradually turn into a workshop. artists and craftsmen directed classes and production together at the Bauhaus in Weimar. This was intend to remove any distinction betwixt fine arts and applied arts. Of course, the educational and social offer to a new configuration of life and its environment could non always be achieved.And the Bauhaus was not all with this goal, but the name became a near synonym for this trend. The Bauhaus occupies a place of its own in the autobiography of 20th century culture, computer architecture, design, art and new media. One of the first schools of design, it brought together a number of the closely outstanding contemporary architects and artists and was not only an innovative training centre but also a place of production and a focus of international debate.At a time when industrial union was in the grip of a crisis, the Bauhaus stood almost alone in asking how the modernisation process could be mastered by means of design. Founded in Weimar in 1919, the Bauhaus rallied master and students who sought to reverse the split between art and production by returning to the crafts as the foundation of all artistic activity and evolution exemplary designs for ob jects and spaces that were to form part of a more human future society. Following intense knowledgeable debate, in 1923 the Bauhaus turned its ttention to industry under its founder and first director Walter Gropius (18831969).The major exhibition which undecided in 1923, reflecting the revised principle of art and technology as a new unity, showcased the full spectrum of Bauhaus work and prototypes. The Haus Am Horn provided a glimpse of a residential building of the future. In 1924 funding for the Bauhaus was cut so drastically at the instigation of conservative forces that it had to seek a new home. The Bauhaus moved to Dessau at a time of rising economic fortunes, becoming the municipally funded School of Design.Almost all masters moved with it. Former students became junior masters in charge of the workshops. Famous works of art and architecture and influential designs were produced in Dessau in the years from 1926 to 1932. Walter Gropius resigned as director on 1st April 192 8 under the insisting of constant struggles for the Bauhaus survival, He was succeeded by the Swiss architect Hannes Meyer (18891954) whose work sought to shape a harmonized society. Cost-cutting industrial mass production was to make products affordable for the masses.Despite his successes, Hannes Meyers Marxist convictions became a paradox for the city council amidst the political turbulence of Germany in 1929, and the following year he was removed from his post. Under Ludwig Mies vanguard der Rohe (18861969) the Bauhaus developed from 1930 into a technical school of architecture with subsidiary art and workshop departments. After the Nazis became the biggest ships company in Dessau at the elections, the Bauhaus was forced to move in September 1932. It moved to Berlin but only lasted for a short time longer.The Bauhaus dissolved itself under pressure from the Nazis in 1933. Architecture The building is the ultimate goal of all fine art, the Bauhaus manifesto proclaimed back i n 1919. Architecture training at the Bauhaus in Weimar was initially the prerogative of Walter Gropius private architectural practice and for a short time courses were run by his partner Adolf Meyer and in association with the Baugewerkschule (building trades school) in Weimar. The Bauhaus workshops were involved in these efforts through Gropiuss office.This collaboration produced the Haus Am Horn in 1923. Some new methods based on specific types and standardisation were employed not only to produce new architecture but to anticipate a new lifestyle through this architecture. In 1927 Walter Gropius offered Hannes Meyer a position in charge of architecture classes. That year Hannes Meyer began to put together a curriculum which included all relevant subjects such as planning, design, draftsmanship, construction, town planning. Architecture for Walter Gropius and Hannes Meyer alike in the main denoted the design of lifes processes.Hannes Meyer went far beyond Gropiuss study of essen tials, which focused too more than on the object for his taste, turning his teaching programme into one where the concrete conditions in society and the factors find out architecture and its use formed the starting point for all planning and design. The habits of the future residents of an estate or a house were studied in scientific detail. From 1930 to 1933 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe carried on with much of what had been started under his predecessors.At the same time Mies van der Rohe streamlined the curriculum to produce something like a system of courses which leftfield almost no room for utopian experiments. The majority of the new student intake at the Bauhaus had already completed a course of studies, and the Bauhaus became a postgraduate school. Mies van der Rohes teaching focused on the design of specific buildings whose appearance owed nothing to Gropiuss study of essentials or to the collective satisfaction of the bulks needs, but which were to be the spatial implement ation of intellectual decisions (Mies van der Rohe) in an esthetically consummate fashion.